Known for his work in form criticism and his program of demythologizing, Rudolf Bultmann (1884–1976) was arguably the most significant—and certainly the most controversial—New Testament scholar of the twentieth century. Trained in German liberal theology, his study of early Christianity and his experience of the First World War contributed to his early adoption of dialectical theology, with which he identified until the end of his life. He was a passionate opponent of the German Christians
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